This lecture explores the role of Naples as a central urban hub within the Spanish Monarchy. The presentation begins with an analysis of the structure of the monarchy in Italy, tracing Naples’ integration into the Crown of Aragon and later under Habsburg rule. It examines the political, social, and economic implications of this transition, highlighting the interplay between urban elites and viceregal governance in shaping the city's administration and dynamics. The discussion further delves into the spatial organization of Naples, emphasizing the significance of urban ceremonial circuits and the architectural transformations that reinforced the city’s role as a symbol of power and prestige. By connecting urban planning and ritual practices, the lecture underscores Naples’ status as a global city in the early modern period, reflecting its integration into the broader framework of the Spanish Monarchy.